The restrictions apply to exports of quantum computers with 34 or more qubits and low error rates, although current quantum technologies are too primitive to pose a significant security risk.
Countries including the UK, France, Spain and the Netherlands have implemented these restrictions, citing the Wassenaar Regulation, which regulates dual-use technologies. However, the rationale for the specific restrictions remains unclear.
Experts including IonQ’s Christopher Monroe suggest that the controls aim to limit the capabilities of quantum computers beyond classical simulations, despite their limited practical applications.
The secrecy and uniformity of these measures raise concerns about their potential impact on quantum research and innovation.
Source: Ferra
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