A qubit is anything – an atom, an electron, a piece of superconducting electronics. In short, this is anything that can be used to store and manipulate a quantum state. The more qubits, the more capabilities the machine has (assuming all qubits behave correctly). But the more qubits you use, the more likely you are to run into an error before the calculation is complete.
Google’s answer to these problems was to create the next generation Sycamore processor with the same number and hardware qubit arrangement as the previous one. However, the company has focused on reducing the error rate of individual qubits so that the processor can perform more complex operations without crashing. This was the equipment Google used to test error-correcting logic qubits.
Overall, the error rate was 2,914 percent for the larger logic qubit and 3,028 percent for the smaller one. It’s not a huge advantage, but it’s shown for the first time. Google estimates that the performance of hardware qubits needs to be improved by 20 percent or more to gain a clear advantage over large logical qubits. Google expects it to reach that point — the launch of a single long-lived logic qubit — after 2025.
Source: Ferra
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