Curious Cosmos #1: What’s in the black hole?

Black holes are among the most mysterious and fascinating objects in the universe. These celestial bodies, which were foreseen as a result of Albert Einstein’s General Theory of Relativity (TRG) in 1916, have such a intense gravitational field that nothing can escape the effects, not even light. But what happens in the black hole?

Mathematician John Michell and scientist Pierre-Simon Laplace’s escape rates emerged in the eighteenth century when they speculated on the presence of “dark stars”, which would be higher than the speed of light.

However, this idea has become mathematically consistent. In 1916, the German physicist Karl Schwarzschild found the first exact solution of So -Called Einstein equations I’m telling what we call a black hole today.

Black holes After consuming nuclear fuels, they are formed by the collapse of gravity of large stars at the end of their lives.. Depending on the first mass of the star, the collapse can create a white dwarf, a neutron star or a black hole.

A black hole is defined by “Horizon”, a spheroidal zone that marks a irreversible point: everything passing through this border is inevitably drawn without the possibility of exit. In the center, TRG predicts the existence of a “singularity”, where Intensity and space -in its curvature becomes infinite.

The problem is that modern physics still cannot define what is happening at this point. Known laws of physics can no longer be applied, which is Quantum gravity theory You need to solve this puzzle.

Although the horizon of the events is an insurmountable obstacle for information from the interior, some theories try to explain what might be inside:

• Over -cured space time: On the horizon of events, all orbits inevitably lead to uniqueness.
• Overdoor expansion: For an external observer, an object falling into the black hole seems to slow down as it approaches the horizon of events, it never passes completely.
• Hawking radiation: Although black holes are accepted as “black” objects, Stephen Hawking proposed that they can give quantum radiation from the creation and destruction of virtual particle pairs, which will be slowly overwhelming throughout the trillion year.

In order to avoid the problems caused by the uniqueness of the theoretical physics of black holes, scientists suggested that some hypotheses try to avoid this abnormality:

• Quantum gravity: The rope theory and quantum gravity in the cycle suggest that quantum effects can prevent the formation of singularity and perhaps replace it with a finite “core”.
• Worm: Some mathematical solutions suggest that black holes can be shortcuts to other parts of the universe, but we still have no experimental evidence.
• Planck Stars: The latest models suggest that the Planck length, called “Planck Stars”, which prevents the total collapse of quantum effects, can be transformed into collapsed intense structures (equal to one billion meters of one billion meters of one billion meters).

With the progress of astronomical observations, our understanding of black holes continues to grow. In 2019, cooperation activity Horizon telescope, The shadow of the black hole in Galaxy M87Approval of general relativity forecasts.

The detection of gravity waves by observations such as Lıgo and Virgo provides concrete evidence of the merger of these objects.

In the future, quantum experiences can help us understand whether black holes are really ports for other dimensions or if they have absolute gravity traps. If we can combine general relativity and quantum mechanics, maybe one day we will learn what exists in a black hole.

Until then, this Colossi will challenge us and feed our curiosity to the deepest mysteries of the cosmos.