Dr Simon Cork, lecturer in physiology at Anglia Ruskin University, says the main active ingredient in Ozempic is semaglutide. It mimics the action of the natural hormone GLP-1, which is released from intestinal cells during food intake. It signals the pancreas to produce insulin and also reduces hunger.
Studies have shown that semaglutide can cause an average of 10% weight loss over four years in obese patients. It also reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.
The new drug Mounjaro (tirzepatide) has an even greater effect, producing an average of 22% weight loss over 72 weeks.
Although GLP-1-based drugs are generally very safe, there is still a risk of side effects such as gallstones and pancreatitis.
Studies have also shown that some patients taking GLP-1-based drugs develop life-threatening acidosis due to severe nausea and diarrhea.
There is also a risk associated with the inappropriate use of drugs such as Ozempic. It is only prescribed to people with a body mass index of over 35 kg/m² and those with obesity-related conditions such as heart disease. For such patients, the benefits of the drug will outweigh the risks.
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Source: Ferra
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