Solar panels, what you need to know to start self-consumption

It is clear that today solar self-consumption is the path that many users have already taken due to sky-high electricity prices in our country.

This is a convenient solution to get electricity in our house, regardless of electricity price fluctuations. But we’re also talking about energy that helps the planet drive climate change with less force because it doesn’t pollute the environment at all.

The problem is that many people do not know whether to choose this type of energy due to ignorance of its work, government assistance and everything that installing these solar panels means.

That is why in this article we will try to make everything completely clear so that subsequently everyone can make a decision that suits them best, since in everything that this type of panel entails, there are many things that need to be known before making a decision. solution.

What is self-consumption?

When we talk about self-consumption, we mean that we are able to produce electricity that we will subsequently consume in our house. In the case that concerns us today, this power system is carried out with the help of solar panels.

It is not surprising that this form of energy for own consumption is becoming more and more popular in Spain, since we are talking about a country in which, on average, almost 300 sunny days a yeara significant amount.

Obviously, it goes without saying that this completely green energy and it saves us from non-renewable resources like coal or oil.

solar energy

Generally speaking, this type of energy means that we can receive energy from the sun using solar panels, which convert it into electrical energy.

It is produced direct current that is converted to alternating current thanks to the solar inverter, all this to supply our home with electricity.

Individual own consumption

There are several types of solar self-consumption, starting with the so-called Individual.

This type of self-consumption is aimed at self-sufficiency for one dwelling or even for more than onebecoming a common individual type.

This means that solar energy installations are used by several people, which makes consumption individual, since the necessary energy is generated for eachbut it is shared by the topic of solar panels.

Much more common are those that are completely individual, that is, those that are designed to supply electricity to one house.

Residential

We can divide this type of own consumption into connected to the network or disconnected, in addition to being a system with or without surplus sent to the network.

When we talk about network connection typemeans that there will be a connection to the solar panels, as well as to the power grid at a time when the panels cannot generate electricity.

what from offline guy This is the one that depends only on panels, which requires energy storage or electrical generators to store electricity and thus be able to use it continuously.

In case of connection to the grid, the surplus electricity generated can be drained into the regular grid and receive compensation. If we do not have access to the network, the surplus may be store in batteries.

industrial

The case of industrial own consumption is an option chosen by companies whose operation is similar to residentialalmost always choosing a networked system as a security measure.

As usual, the size of the installations in this case is much larger, since the electricity consumption is also much higher.

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solar panels

When we are going to install a self-consumption solar system, they must include a number of elements such as solar panels, solar inverter, bracket and cables.

Solar panels are usually monocrystallinebecause they provide more efficiency, although there are polycrystalline or amorphous (they are almost obsolete).

As for solar inverters, they can also be divided into several types, although the main ones are string inverterswhich in turn can be monophasic or three-phase, depending on the type of electrical installation in the house.

These inverters can work even if we are connected to the grid and have different capacities, as you may have already guessed, so they can be valid for all types of installations.

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subsidies

Although there have been governments that have put more effort into this than others, the truth is that in recent years everyone has decided that our country is following a more environmentally friendly path and is betting on this type of energy.

There are different types of subsidies to support own solar energy consumption:

• IBI discounts: Municipalities set discounts on property tax, usually 50%.
• ICIO bonuses: In the tax on construction, installations and works, you can get a discount of 95%.
• Income tax deductions: These deductions are made at the time of compiling the income statement, and everything will depend on each autonomous community.
• Offline help: This assistance depends on the Autonomous Communities, but it should be taken into account that the money is limited and therefore it can be provided but not paid due to lack of budget.
• State aid: These grants are limited, they are awarded on a first come, first served basis, and if they run out, there is no right to apply again. For normal installations, the amounts will be €600 per kWh of installation and €490 per kWh of batteries. If the installation capacity is higher than 10 kW, the assistance will be 450 euros and 300 euros per kW.

Excesses that compensate us

As we mentioned earlier, you can get compensation for excess energy if you connect to the grid. That is, what we have left of the energy that we did not use will go into the electrical network and we will receive compensation.

If you think it’s better to install a larger system in order to get more surplus, this is not a good idea, as electricity companies offset kWh until the bill we have reaches 0. From there, all the energy that flows in will be free.

Another thing we have to take into account is that the price they are going to give us excess energy fee does not match the selling price. It usually moves around 0.08 kWh.

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When are investments amortized?

This is a big question many people ask themselves before installing solar panels in their home.

We must clearly understand that the data that we are going to tell you right now is an estimate, that is, everything will depend on many factors, so the accuracy in this case is very difficult. But more or less it can serve as a guide to get a rough idea and see if we believe in its viability or not.

According to data known in Spain, for average investment of about 5000 euros including VAT Depreciation will take place in the following two cases:

• If we have not received any government assistance and we have an annual production of photovoltaic systems of about 5,100 kWh, after 7 years or even a little less we had to amortize the investment.
• If we are lucky enough to receive a 95% ICIO bonus and a 50% IBI bonus within 5 years, we will be able to return the investment in about 4 years approx..

With all the information that we have given you, you will already have the necessary data to know if you are interested in installing solar panels in your home and thus switch to your own consumption.

It is clear that this has huge advantages, but everyone should know if they can afford such expenses and if the repayment time is adequate for your circumstances.