Black holes are supermassive regions of the cosmos that nothing can escape their gravitational pull. The field that draws everything in called the event horizonIt’s like the edge of a black hole, and once any object falls into it, it becomes impossible to escape or return; it would be like a cosmic vacuum cleaner that sucks up everything that passes through.
Despite being completely strange and mysterious, black holes are predicted by Albert Einstein’s theory of general relativity.. In fact, the German physicist suggested that after the event horizon: There is a region so dense that even the physics we know cannot make sense of it anymore: the singularity point.
Some astrophysicists explain that despite the observations and scientific evidence collected in recent years, we still haven’t discovered everything about black holes. Both the event horizon and the singularity are not yet fully understood by science. Moreover, the law of thermodynamics explains that black holes should emit high temperatures because they have a significant amount of mass.
The scientific community also offers a hypothesis that suggests that black holes do not exist in the universe. In fact, these regions of the universe may be a type of gravitational star condensing into space, which researchers call uvastars. Most astrophysicists believe that ‘black holes are actually black holes’ but say it is important to consider other possibilities to better understand the science.
“In this work, we analyze the observational properties of thin-shelled uvastars under two astrophysical structures, namely surrounded by optically thin accretion disks and orbited by hot spots. We consider the thin-shell uvastar model with two free parameters, the radius of the uvastar and the mass fraction assigned to the thin shell, and generate the corresponding observables using regressive ray-tracing numerical codes,” explains a study on the subject published in the scientific journal Physical Review D.
What is the Gravastar Hypothesis?
A uvastar is a hypothetical object first proposed in 2002 by astrophysicists Pawel O. Mazur and Emil Mottola, who aimed to offer an alternative theory to the black hole hypothesis.
The idea here is that Gravastars would be the remains of collapsed stars whose matter had transformed into a new state; As a result, a vacuum region emerges in space, surrounded by an ultra-thin and indestructible ‘shell’.
Theoretically, during the collapse of the star, the intense gravitational force transforms it into a new type of material, which the researchers explain is similar to a Bose-Einstein Condensate (BEC). In BEC, the energy atoms are cooled to an extremely low temperature and therefore behave like a single super atom. In the case of Uvastar, this would prevent the formation of a singularity and an event horizon; both concepts are typical of black holes.
“Since this new form of matter is very durable but somewhat flexible, like a bubble, anything trapped by its intense gravity and colliding with it will be destroyed and then assimilated into the Gravastar’s crust. However, any matter that falls to the surface nearby could be re-radiated as another form of energy, potentially making Gravastars much more powerful emitters of radiation than the black holes that swallow matter,” Mottola said in 2002.
One of the ‘problems’ involved in the theory of black holes is singularity. The point in a black hole where the density is infinite and matter is concentrated. Science explains that a singularity occurs when matter reaches a density that causes it to collapse under its own gravity, although this concept is only theoretical and is still difficult for modern physicists to understand.
Theoretically, uvastars do not present any singularity, and some scientists who study the subject suggest that this hypothesis might work better than the black hole idea. In the simulations performed in the aforementioned study, the team of researchers obtained results that showed several similarities between black holes and uvastars.
In any case, it is important to note that the Grastars hypothesis is quite different from the black hole theory. So, In order to methodically determine whether these collapsed stars exist, it is of great importance to collect data, conduct observational tests, and conduct further research on the subject.
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Source: Tec Mundo
I’m Blaine Morgan, an experienced journalist and writer with over 8 years of experience in the tech industry. My expertise lies in writing about technology news and trends, covering everything from cutting-edge gadgets to emerging software developments. I’ve written for several leading publications including Gadget Onus where I am an author.
