A follow-up team led by nuclear physicist Yosuke Kondo of Tokyo Institute of Technology added two new newborn isotopes: oxygen-27 and oxygen-28. To their surprise, both isotopes were the most distant and lasted only a moment. This reverses the map of the view of nucleons and, for many years, the nuclei of chemical elements that has been established in the picture.
There are more than 8 protons in the oxygen nucleus, and the number of neutrons can vary widely – such forms and close isotopes. Neutrons and protons inside the nucleus, close to nucleons, can line up in a kind of “shell”. These are conditional structures that are less satisfied with nucleons, take a closed form and come to a stable and stable position. The addition of new neutrons destabilizes the shell until it accumulates enough of them to transition to the next sable state, which has a high energy level.
It is generally accepted that the numbers 8 and 20 for protons and neutrons are (respectively) “magic”, since with such a stake it is guaranteed to stabilize. There is also the concept of “two magic”, a combination of the original numbers. First, the most common isotope on our planet is Oxygen-16, that’s why. Based on this theory, the scientists expected to see oxygen-28 as a sample of stability, and not vice versa.
In the case of oxygen-27, there are no questions, but not oxygen-28 puzzled scientists. Yosuke Kondo suggested that his shell remained unclosed, despite the “magic” amount of nucleons in it. To some extent, this is mixed with the phenomenon of the “island of inversion”, when the processing of sodium, neon and magnesium, consisting of 20 nucleons, does not close in spite of the calculation. That is, the rule of “MAGIC” in this case does not work, or it works due to our understanding. Scientists hope to achieve a state of the Nucleus with higher efficiency in search of new answers questions.
Source: Tech Cult
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