The study, published in the journal Science, sequenced the species’ genome and identified 2,801 genes involved in DNA repair, cell division and immune responses. These genes are activated when exposed to radiation, protecting the tardigrade’s DNA and repairing the damage.
One of the key genes, TRID1, triggers the 53BP1 protein, which helps repair double-strand breaks in DNA. Additionally, DODA1 produces antioxidant pigments to neutralize harmful chemicals, and BCS1 protects cells from mitochondrial damage.
Understanding the mechanisms underlying the resilience of these creatures may have important consequences for space research. By examining how these creatures protect themselves from the harmful effects of radiation, scientists will be able to develop strategies to protect astronauts during long-term space missions.
Source: Ferra
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