According to the report of the Solar Astronomy Laboratory of the Institute of Space Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in the last two days the Sun has produced about 20 M-class explosions, the total energy of which is equivalent to 4-5 highest X-class explosions. and the Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. However, despite such strong activity, not all of these flares reached level X because the energy was dissipated in the early stages. This is due to structural features of active centers in the Sun that do not allow sufficient energy to accumulate for more powerful explosions.
There are two active centers on the Sun (3883 and 3889) that became the source of these explosions in the period between November 6-7. The reason for such events is that energy in these active zones begins to be released before it has time to accumulate, preventing strong, sustained flares from occurring. However, such a scenario is not dangerous to Earth because many M-class flares are safer than a few X-class flares despite having similar energies.
Experts explain that there are effects in space weather called threshold effects, where a certain amount of emission of solar plasma can cause it to escape into space. If the speed is below 600 km/h the plasma returns to the Sun, but if it is higher it can reach the Earth and cause magnetic storms. It is important to note that more energy is needed in a single event to produce powerful Tier X flares, creating the risk of releasing large plasma clouds.
Source: Ferra
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