Archaea have small, irregular coccoid cells, grow slowly, and can survive in acidic environments at high temperatures. Although they are anaerobic, they can survive the presence of oxygen for a long time. Scientists deciphered their genomes and studied their metabolism: These archaea obtain energy solely through fermentation and use complex polysaccharides as substrates.
Genomes contain many genes for enzymes that break down carbohydrates in acidic environments and high temperatures. These features make Archaea a potential source of stable thermozymes for industrial biocatalysts.
Source: Ferra
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